What Are the Functions of Industrial Gateways in Reservoir Dam Safety Monitoring Management Systems?

 

During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, the Ministry of Water Resources has vigorously promoted the construction of safety monitoring facilities for small reservoir dams, leading to a steady improvement in the monitoring and early warning capabilities of reservoir dams. Newly constructed or reinforced reservoirs generally incorporate dam safety monitoring facilities, which serve as crucial means for understanding the safe operational conditions of reservoir dams and detecting potential hazards at an early stage.

 

According to the "Administrative Measures for Reservoir Dam Safety Monitoring," data acquisition and transmission equipment should possess functions such as automatic measurement, remote monitoring and control, local storage, multi-station transmission, lightning protection, power-failure storage, and fault alarms. It should support dual (multiple) channel transmission, adapt to extreme environments, and ensure data acquisition and transmission under emergency conditions.

 

The reservoir dam safety monitoring management system primarily consists of sensor monitoring equipment, data acquisition terminals, and a reservoir dam supervision platform.



Sensor Monitoring Equipment

Dam Body Deformation (Surface Displacement) Monitoring: Utilizes GNSS monitors that employ BeiDou + GPS satellite positioning to simultaneously monitor horizontal and vertical displacements of the dam body.

Seepage Flow Monitoring: Employs weir gauges consisting of measuring needles, weir plates, and weir troughs to calculate seepage flow using the volumetric method, determining the seepage pressure distribution and phreatic line position at monitoring sections of the dam body.

Seepage Pressure and Phreatic Line Monitoring: Uses osmometers deployed based on the dam type structure and seepage field characteristics, with no fewer than three monitoring lines recommended.

Data Acquisition Terminal

The WideIoT data acquisition terminal supports connection to GNSS monitors, osmometers, and weir gauges, collecting data on horizontal and vertical displacements of the dam body, seepage pressure, and seepage flow. It transmits this data to the reservoir dam supervision platform via 4G wireless networks and the SL651 protocol.

The terminal features industrial-grade protection and low-power design, enabling long-term outdoor operation with solar/battery power supply. It also includes local storage and断点续传 (resume-from-break transmission) capabilities, temporarily storing data locally under abnormal network conditions and recording data breakpoints for automatic resumption of transmission once the network is restored, ensuring data integrity and reliability.

Additionally, the device provides remote configuration and remote read/write platform access, enabling remote monitoring, management, and control of the equipment. This facilitates rapid maintenance or replacement in case of equipment malfunctions, ensuring safe and reliable operation.

Reservoir Dam Supervision Platform

The reservoir dam supervision platforms of national and provincial water resources departments can receive data uploaded by the data acquisition terminals, enabling visual display, monitoring, management, control, and data analysis on the platform. They conduct observations in accordance with regulatory requirements, promptly organize and analyze monitoring data, strengthen the supervisory functions of reservoir safety monitoring management, and provide support for digital twin water conservancy construction.

By setting monitoring indicators for horizontal and vertical displacements, seepage pressure, and seepage flow of various reservoir dams, an abnormal monitoring disposal mechanism can be established. When abnormal dam monitoring data is detected, it is immediately reported, and timely measures are taken, with notifications sent via WeChat, SMS, email, etc., providing reliable assistance for flood control and disaster mitigation efforts.

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